4.1. Measuring attitudinal constructs relating to violence prevention
Only the E13 (Björkdahl et al., 2012) aimed specifically to measure a
violence preventive construct, namely the ward violence prevention
climate. However, the tool's constituent statements did not appear to
be based on a systematic review of the literature, on a coherent theory
of violence prevention, or on informant interviews about which perceptions
might be important to respondents. There were positive changes
in prevention climate ratings on wards which received violence prevention
training; however, confidence in these results was lessened by the
tool's lack of external validity, for example there was no evidence of
convergent validity with a tool measuring a related construct.