The Internet of Things Service Architecture for AAL, specially targeted for M-Health solutions, satisfies the
requirements described bellow. All health-related items should have auto-identification capabilities, in order to
leverage its use as smart objects. This auto-identification corresponds to a unique and global identifier, based upon
the Electronic Product Code standards.
Auto-identification capabilities apply not only to every health items but also to all other health stakeholders in the
system, as persons are also identified using the same principle. Auto-identification may also be applied to health
instruments, health goods and public spaces. All the above auto-identification principles may also be used for indoor
location awareness and guidance, as well as for safety location purposes (eg, restricting baby displacements in
nurseries). In this architecture, all items and health stakeholders identifiers may be easily serialized and read without
direct contact, namely by means of RFID readers (accessing mainly passive RFID tags).
There is a standard, although tunable and adaptable, distributed Directory system, whose implementation is done
by means of an Object Naming System. There are mobile smart devices that can connect to the Internet, although not
necessarily depending on online only operations. Users are able to create, use and manage their Personal Health
Records using their mobile devices.
In this architecture, security issues are based on a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and PKI certificates. Security
concerns extend from users to devices, from devices to applications and from applications to services. The Object
Name Service prototype system, firstly presented in [28], assumes that physicians, patients and medicines are to be
identified by means of RFID tags and that the entire process, from drug prescription until its intake, is controlled by
an information system completely based on IoT.
For that, both stakeholders (doctor, pharmaceutical, nurse, patient) and medicines have an RFID-tag assigned.
Additionally, electronic equipment used by them, such as tablets or smartphones, include a RFID reader