b s t r a c t
Starchy foods of differing structure, including bakery products, breakfast cereals, pastas, and pulses were
digested in vitro. Bakery products and processed breakfast cereals with little resilient structure yielded
large amounts of rapidly available carbohydrate (RAC), less slowly digested starch (SDS) and little inaccessible
digestible starch (IDS) (70:22:8%). Partially processed grains, such as rolled oats contained an
increased proportion of SDS (55:38:7%). Pastas, being dense starch structures digested more gradually
to completion by superficial erosion, yielding approximately equal proportions of RAC and SDS but little
IDS (43:52:4%). Pulses, which retained their cellular morphology, digested more linearly yielding a lower
proportion of RAC, a larger proportion of SDS and more IDS (9:69:22%). Preservation of native ‘‘primary’’
structure, and use of processing to create ‘‘secondary’’ structure, are both means by which wholeness, in
the sense of intactness, can be used to influence carbohydrate digestion to make foods of lower glycaemic
impact.
b s t r a c tStarchy foods of differing structure, including bakery products, breakfast cereals, pastas, and pulses weredigested in vitro. Bakery products and processed breakfast cereals with little resilient structure yieldedlarge amounts of rapidly available carbohydrate (RAC), less slowly digested starch (SDS) and little inaccessibledigestible starch (IDS) (70:22:8%). Partially processed grains, such as rolled oats contained anincreased proportion of SDS (55:38:7%). Pastas, being dense starch structures digested more graduallyto completion by superficial erosion, yielding approximately equal proportions of RAC and SDS but littleIDS (43:52:4%). Pulses, which retained their cellular morphology, digested more linearly yielding a lowerproportion of RAC, a larger proportion of SDS and more IDS (9:69:22%). Preservation of native ‘‘primary’’structure, and use of processing to create ‘‘secondary’’ structure, are both means by which wholeness, inthe sense of intactness, can be used to influence carbohydrate digestion to make foods of lower glycaemicimpact.
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