Biodegradation is the mineralization of materials as a result of
the action of naturally-occurring microorganisms such as bacteria
and fungi [13]. The biodegradation of plastics is limited by their
molecular weight, chemical structure [14], water solubility and the
fact that most plastics are xenobiotic. That is, they were not present
in the environment until very recently so that the evolution of
metabolic pathways necessary for their biodegradation, a process
that takes millions of years, has yet to occur