Reductions in oil production are less prevalent with short-term regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) than sustained deficit irrigation, and RDI can also improve oil quality in ‘Arbequina’ and other hedgerow cultivars such as ‘Koroneiki’ with increases in total phenols and slightly higher oleic acid percentages, which may be important in some regions (Stefanoudaki et al., 2001; Tovar et al., 2001; Vita Serman et al., 2011).