Although irrelevant action demonstration from the model was a major focus of the current study,
irrelevant action reproduction of the participants was not. Thus, here we give a concise description
of children’s behavior following demonstrations of irrelevant actions. No children from the
no-irrelevant-action conditions produced an irrelevant action, whereas 37 of 60 children (62%) who
watched irrelevant actions from both models produced an irrelevant action of some sort on their first
trial. Of these, 4 used a hybrid (e.g., tool of the adult, action of the child), 21 performed the irrelevant
actions modeled by the child, and 12 performed those modeled by the adult, which was not a difference
(binomial p = .163).