The economics for dryer exhaust heat recovery are highly site specific. For different industrial case studies, the optimum design of the exhaust heat exchanger may change; however the same thermos-economic analysis method may be applied. The operation, equipment, and construction are slightly different for each milk powder plant and spray dryer. The purpose of this section is to highlight some of the important factors that require consideration for industrial implementation of exhaust heat recovery in New Zealand milk powder plants by drawing upon the authors’ collec- tive experiences and observations.