In this investigation the effect of ammonium sulfate deposited into cotton fabric as a flame-retarding agent has demonstrated a desirable performance to donate flame-retardancy, i.e. between 10.55–13.62% addition of (NH4)2SO4 manifested a fairly efficient add-on value to achieve the target of flame-retardancy.
It is assigned that the action of this salt is through losing its constitute elements as: NH3, SO2, N2 and H2O i.e. generation non-flammable gases at the flaming zone of the burning polymer, is likely to play a role to achieve this goal.
This assumption could be rationalized by the evidential TG.
It has been monitored that the major loss of mass in treated cellulose happened very smoothly at a punctual duration of the polymer’s combustion zone, i.e. the treatment has affected the pyrolysis process of the substrate to produce more
char.
As a result; fewer flammable volatiles could be produced.
Therefore the ‘gas dilution theory’ concerning its effect is explicable. Moreover the ‘chemical action theory’ concerning its acidic nature through the catalytic dehydration of cellulose causing to char could also be justifiable.
Due to leaching out properties of this salt, and probably the poor affectation of the above-mentioned deposited salt on the handle, aesthetic and unfair mechanical characteristics imparted to the fabric, itmay not be used for garments.
However choosing cotton fabric, as a handy polymeric substrate and also by using our flammability tester a reliable and economical rapid detection for the efficiency of organic and inorganic flame-retardants could be applicable.
Furthermore the synergistic effect by mixing this salt with phosphorus compounds may also be offered, experienced and detected.
Ultimately the obtained results may be put in practice for other commercial applications such as: wood, insulators, plastics and polymers, etc.
In this investigation the effect of ammonium sulfate deposited into cotton fabric as a flame-retarding agent has demonstrated a desirable performance to donate flame-retardancy, i.e. between 10.55–13.62% addition of (NH4)2SO4 manifested a fairly efficient add-on value to achieve the target of flame-retardancy. It is assigned that the action of this salt is through losing its constitute elements as: NH3, SO2, N2 and H2O i.e. generation non-flammable gases at the flaming zone of the burning polymer, is likely to play a role to achieve this goal. This assumption could be rationalized by the evidential TG. It has been monitored that the major loss of mass in treated cellulose happened very smoothly at a punctual duration of the polymer’s combustion zone, i.e. the treatment has affected the pyrolysis process of the substrate to produce morechar. As a result; fewer flammable volatiles could be produced. Therefore the ‘gas dilution theory’ concerning its effect is explicable. Moreover the ‘chemical action theory’ concerning its acidic nature through the catalytic dehydration of cellulose causing to char could also be justifiable.Due to leaching out properties of this salt, and probably the poor affectation of the above-mentioned deposited salt on the handle, aesthetic and unfair mechanical characteristics imparted to the fabric, itmay not be used for garments. However choosing cotton fabric, as a handy polymeric substrate and also by using our flammability tester a reliable and economical rapid detection for the efficiency of organic and inorganic flame-retardants could be applicable. Furthermore the synergistic effect by mixing this salt with phosphorus compounds may also be offered, experienced and detected.
Ultimately the obtained results may be put in practice for other commercial applications such as: wood, insulators, plastics and polymers, etc.
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