Table 2 summarizes the effectiveness of various carbohydrases on
the total oil and protein extraction yields, defined here as the oil and
protein recovered from initial dehulled yellow mustard flour during
carbohydrase-assisted aqueous extraction processes. The aqueous processing
of dehulled yellow mustard flour without the assistance of
carbohydrase (control) resulted in the oil and protein extraction
yields of 55.5% and 60.7%, respectively. Celluclast 1.5 L is a cellulase enzyme,
Pectinex Ultra SP-L is a pectinase enzyme with limited cellulase
and hemicellulase activities, and Viscozyme L is a multi-enzyme complex
containing a wide range of carbohydrases, including arabanase,
cellulase, beta-glucanase, hemicellulase, and xylanase (Novozymes,
product data sheet). Although, the individual use of all of the three commercial
carbohydrases represented significant improvement (P b 0.05)
in the oil extraction yields, Celluclast 1.5 L and Viscozyme L were more
effective by increasing the oil extraction to around 67%, indicating that
the breakdown of cellulose was certainly beneficial to the release of
oil into the aqueous medium. While Celluclast 1.5 L was able to facilitate
the oil yield, it was a relatively inefficient way to improve protein
extraction yield, compared with Viscozyme L and Pectinex Ultra SP-L.
Therefore, these commercial carbohydrases were combined to evaluate
their collaborative effects on the oil and protein extractabilities. The
outcomewas encouraging as all the yieldswere further increased, especiallywith
a combination of three enzymes in Run 6,where 76.3% of the
oil in theflourwas extracted alongwith 74.9% of the proteins, indicating
more efficient hydrolysis of the yellow mustard cell wall polysaccharides
by the combination of carbohydrases.
Table 2 summarizes the effectiveness of various carbohydrases onthe total oil and protein extraction yields, defined here as the oil andprotein recovered from initial dehulled yellow mustard flour duringcarbohydrase-assisted aqueous extraction processes. The aqueous processingof dehulled yellow mustard flour without the assistance ofcarbohydrase (control) resulted in the oil and protein extractionyields of 55.5% and 60.7%, respectively. Celluclast 1.5 L is a cellulase enzyme,Pectinex Ultra SP-L is a pectinase enzyme with limited cellulaseand hemicellulase activities, and Viscozyme L is a multi-enzyme complexcontaining a wide range of carbohydrases, including arabanase,cellulase, beta-glucanase, hemicellulase, and xylanase (Novozymes,product data sheet). Although, the individual use of all of the three commercialcarbohydrases represented significant improvement (P b 0.05)in the oil extraction yields, Celluclast 1.5 L and Viscozyme L were moreeffective by increasing the oil extraction to around 67%, indicating thatthe breakdown of cellulose was certainly beneficial to the release ofoil into the aqueous medium. While Celluclast 1.5 L was able to facilitatethe oil yield, it was a relatively inefficient way to improve proteinextraction yield, compared with Viscozyme L and Pectinex Ultra SP-L.Therefore, these commercial carbohydrases were combined to evaluatetheir collaborative effects on the oil and protein extractabilities. Theoutcomewas encouraging as all the yieldswere further increased, especiallywitha combination of three enzymes in Run 6,where 76.3% of theoil in theflourwas extracted alongwith 74.9% of the proteins, indicatingmore efficient hydrolysis of the yellow mustard cell wall polysaccharidesby the combination of carbohydrases.
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