Both the Ebbinghaus-savings measure and the exact-recognition measures were used to
measure forgetting. Figure 11 shows the number of epochs required to relearn the original
data for the pseudo-recurrent network compared to the number of epochs required by a
standard backpropagation network after each had learned the new data. There was a
decrease from an average of 88 epochs to 43 (averaged over 30 runs), an improvement of
over 50%. Figure 12 shows the corresponding improvement in exact recognition of the
originally learned items for the pseudo-recurrent network compared to the backpropagation
network