Inouye and colleagues and Bradley and
colleagues29 examined cost-effectiveness ofHELP in survey studies. Bradley and colleagues
reported that 2 hospitals conducted their own
financial analyses and found HELP to be costeffective.
Inouye and colleagues surveyed 13
HELP sites; 10 of those sites reported that they
found HELP to be cost-effective for their hospitals.
All studies examining cost-effectiveness
were based on self-report, which may have an
impact on the validity of the results.