A questionnaire was devised to collect data on students’ out-of-class learning behavior and relevant information. There were 25 items. These items were developed through discussions by the authors. The first 10 items relate to students’ motivation for learning English. The data from these motivation-related items were not used in this study since the focus of the study is not on students’ motivation. Items 11 through 23 in Table 3 relate to out-of-class learning. The last two items (items 24 and 25) target study time; item 24 asks about the amount of time spent on homework set in English classes, and item 25 about out-of-class studying not related to homework. Study time is an index of learners’ effort toward, and persistence in learning, both of which are aspects of their behavior affected by motivation (Graham & Weiner, 1996; Dörnyei, 2005). The items relating to study time were used as covariates of the post test. There is a preamble to this questionnaire which specifies that the questionnaire items concern out-of-class learning of English.