A five point Likert scale was used to measure the constructs, ranging from “strongly disagree (1) to “strongly
agree (5). The questionnaire was validated by 3 scholars in the field and was pre-tested by 20 respondents, in order to
ensure its content validity.
Based on the comments from the scholars, few amendments were made to the instrument.
Prior to the actual survey, a pilot study was done with 52 respondents.
Factor analysis was conducted in order to ensure the validity of measurement items by using principal component analysis.
An Eigen value of more than one was used to determine the criteria for each factor in factor analysis.
The result of factor analysis showed that each instrument exceeded 0.6, which met the essentially significant level of
convergent validity.