Anatomy of a Long Bone
Periosteum - outer tough fibrous connective tissue covering, continuous with tendons and ligaments. Has blood vessels that penetrate the bone.
Epiphysis - broad ends of a long bone that articulate with other bones, consist of spongy bone with a thin outer layer of compact bone.
Diaphysis - Shaft, walls consist of compact bone lined with endosteum (fine connective tissue layer)
Medullary cavity - hollow space in the diaphysis, contains yellow marrow (fat) in adults,
Articular cartilage - hyaline cartilage that covers the ends of the epiphyses, reduces friction between bones at joints.