Nigeria is home to a substantial network of organised crime, active especially in drug trafficking. Nigerian criminal groups are heavily involved in drug trafficking, shipping heroin from Asian countries to Europe and America; and cocaine from South America to Europe and South Africa. .[185] The various Nigerian Confraternities or "campus cults" are active in both organised crime and in political violence as well as providing a network of corruption within Nigeria. As confraternities have extensive connections with political and military figures, they offer excellent alumni networking opportunities. The Supreme Vikings Confraternity, for example, boasts that twelve members of the Rivers State House of Assembly are cult members.[186] On lower levels of society, there are the "area boys", organised gangs mostly active in Lagos who specialise in mugging and small-scale drug dealing. According to official statistics, gang violence in Lagos resulted in 273 civilians and 84 policemen killed in the period of August 2000 to May 2001.[187]
Internationally, Nigeria is infamous for a form of bank fraud dubbed 419, a type of advance fee fraud (named after Section 419 of the Nigerian Penal Code) along with the "Nigerian scam", a form of confidence trick practiced by individuals and criminal syndicates.[188] These scams involve a complicit Nigerian bank (the laws being set up loosely to allow it) and a scammer who claims to have money he needs to obtain from that bank. The victim is talked into exchanging bank account information on the premise that the money will be transferred to him, and then he'll get to keep a cut. In reality, money is taken out instead, and/or large fees (which seem small in comparison with the imaginary wealth he awaits) are deducted. In 2003, the Nigerian Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (or EFCC) was created, ostensibly to combat this and other forms of organised financial crime.[189]
There is also some major piracy in Nigeria, with attacks directed at all types of vessels. Consistent with the rise of Nigeria as an increasingly dangerous hot spot, 28 of the 30 seafarers kidnapped as of January–June 2013 were in Nigeria. Additionally, the single death to date in 2013 occurred in Nigeria.[190]
Nigeria has also been pervaded by political corruption. It was ranked 143 out of 182 countries in Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index; however, it improved to 136th position in 2014.[191] More than $400 billion were stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 1999.[192] In late 2013, Nigeria's then central bank governor Lamido Sanusi informed President Goodluck Jonathan that the state oil company, NNPC had failed to remit US$20 billion of oil revenues, which it owed the state. Jonathan however dismissed the claim and replaced Sanusi for his mismanagement of the central bank's budget. A Senate committee also found Sanusi’s account to be lacking substance.[193] After the conclusion of the NNPC's account Audit, it was announced in January 2015 that NNPC's non-remitted revenue is actually US$1.48billion, which it needs to refund back to the Government.[194]
Nigeria is home to a substantial network of organised crime, active especially in drug trafficking. Nigerian criminal groups are heavily involved in drug trafficking, shipping heroin from Asian countries to Europe and America; and cocaine from South America to Europe and South Africa. .[185] The various Nigerian Confraternities or "campus cults" are active in both organised crime and in political violence as well as providing a network of corruption within Nigeria. As confraternities have extensive connections with political and military figures, they offer excellent alumni networking opportunities. The Supreme Vikings Confraternity, for example, boasts that twelve members of the Rivers State House of Assembly are cult members.[186] On lower levels of society, there are the "area boys", organised gangs mostly active in Lagos who specialise in mugging and small-scale drug dealing. According to official statistics, gang violence in Lagos resulted in 273 civilians and 84 policemen killed in the period of August 2000 to May 2001.[187]ต่างประเทศ ไนจีเรียจะอับอายสำหรับฟอร์มของการฉ้อโกงธนาคารพากย์ 419 ชนิดของค่าธรรมเนียมหลอก (ชื่อหลังส่วน 419 ของ Nigerian อาญา) ด้วยการ "รีหลอก" ตัวตุ่นโดยบุคคลและอาชญากรรม [188] หลอกลวงเหล่านี้เกี่ยวข้องกับธนาคารรี complicit (กฎหมายถูกตั้งค่าซึ่งการอนุญาต) และ scammer ที่อ้างว่า มีเงินที่ต้องการได้รับจากธนาคารที่ เหยื่อจะคุยกันเป็นการแลกเปลี่ยนข้อมูลบัญชีธนาคารรื่นรมย์ ที่เงินจะถูกโอนย้ายไป แล้ว เขาจะได้รับเพื่อให้การตัด ในความเป็นจริง เงินนำออกมาแทน หรือหักค่าขนาดใหญ่ (ที่ดูเหมือนเล็กเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับอีกมากมายให้จินตภาพที่เขารอคอย) 2003 รีเศรษฐกิจ และการเงินอาชญากรรมแก่ (การ EFCC) สร้าง รัฐบาลต่อสู้กับนี้และอาชญากรรมทางการเงินที่จัดในรูปแบบอื่น ๆ [189]มีโจรสลัดบางใหญ่ในไนจีเรีย ด้วยการโจมตีโดยตรงที่เรือทุกชนิด สอดคล้องกับการเพิ่มขึ้นของไนจีเรียเป็นจุดร้อนมากอันตราย 28 ของ seafarers 30 ที่ลักพาตัว ณเดือนมกราคม – 2013 มิถุนายนที่ประเทศไนจีเรีย นอกจากนี้ ตายเดี่ยววันในปี 2013 เกิดขึ้นในประเทศไนจีเรีย [190]Nigeria has also been pervaded by political corruption. It was ranked 143 out of 182 countries in Transparency International's 2011 Corruption Perceptions Index; however, it improved to 136th position in 2014.[191] More than $400 billion were stolen from the treasury by Nigeria's leaders between 1960 and 1999.[192] In late 2013, Nigeria's then central bank governor Lamido Sanusi informed President Goodluck Jonathan that the state oil company, NNPC had failed to remit US$20 billion of oil revenues, which it owed the state. Jonathan however dismissed the claim and replaced Sanusi for his mismanagement of the central bank's budget. A Senate committee also found Sanusi’s account to be lacking substance.[193] After the conclusion of the NNPC's account Audit, it was announced in January 2015 that NNPC's non-remitted revenue is actually US$1.48billion, which it needs to refund back to the Government.[194]
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