Hitler's views, articulated in Mein Kampf (’My Struggle’), built in
many ways upon more orthodox conservative German political
theorists and philosophers. Hegel [177O—1831], for instance, had
stressed the importance of a strong state, its role in defining culture
and the existence of a logic (or dialectic) of history which justified war
by superior states upon inferior ones. Schopenhauer [1780-1860]
glorified Will over Reason. Nietzsche [1844-1900] believed in the
creation of a race of superior individuals. Views like these were
combined with carefully selected ’scientific’ findings about natural
selection _and the nature of human racial divisions to create an
ideology which had a powerful appeal in the politically volatile
atmosphere of an economically depressed Germany in the 1930s.
Italian fascism, by contrast,_although drawing upon many of the
same causes of social and political discontent and using many of the
same methods to achieve power - street warfare and mass rallies for
instance — placed much less emphasis on racism. As an alternative to democracy the appeal of the leader was combined with an attempt to create a corporatist structure of representation in which bodies such as the Church, the army and employers’ associations and even
Hitler's views, articulated in Mein Kampf (’My Struggle’), built inmany ways upon more orthodox conservative German politicaltheorists and philosophers. Hegel [177O—1831], for instance, hadstressed the importance of a strong state, its role in defining cultureand the existence of a logic (or dialectic) of history which justified warby superior states upon inferior ones. Schopenhauer [1780-1860]glorified Will over Reason. Nietzsche [1844-1900] believed in thecreation of a race of superior individuals. Views like these werecombined with carefully selected ’scientific’ findings about naturalselection _and the nature of human racial divisions to create anideology which had a powerful appeal in the politically volatileatmosphere of an economically depressed Germany in the 1930s. Italian fascism, by contrast,_although drawing upon many of thesame causes of social and political discontent and using many of thesame methods to achieve power - street warfare and mass rallies forinstance — placed much less emphasis on racism. As an alternative to democracy the appeal of the leader was combined with an attempt to create a corporatist structure of representation in which bodies such as the Church, the army and employers’ associations and even
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