Considering the results obtained, it may be concluded that the application of virulent, broad-host-range P100 bacteriophage could be very effective for the specific biocontrol of L. monocytogenes in Brazilian fresh sausage. However, further investigations using a bacteriophage with a higher titer for a complete eradication of the pathogen may be needed. This is due to the capability of L. mono- cytogenes to grow at low temperatures and due to the observation that the target bacteria may be embedded within the rather complex food matrix, thereby shielding them from diffusing phage particles.