Scientists also use tissue culture to produce novel hybrid plants by fusing two plant cells together without intact cell walls in a process called protoplast fusion. There are two main methods for removing plant cell walls. One process involves the cell walls being ruptured mechanically and removed by hand. The other, more common process is to use chemical enzymes to digest the cell walls. Once the cell walls are
removed, the protoplasts are then fused together, and then grow into complete plants. This process is used with improving African Violet species as well as some tree species, although it is of limited success. The medium on which cultured plant tissues and cells are grown contains plant hormones, vitamins, and a nutrient source such as ammonium salts or amino acids. Auxin results in root grow, while cytokinin results in shoot
growth. The amounts of these two hormones can be varied in order to cause different parts of the plant to grow. Unlike adult animal cells, adult plant cells are totipotent, meaning that one single cell can be used to produce all differentiated cell in the plant.
Scientists also use tissue culture to produce novel hybrid plants by fusing two plant cells together without intact cell walls in a process called protoplast fusion. There are two main methods for removing plant cell walls. One process involves the cell walls being ruptured mechanically and removed by hand. The other, more common process is to use chemical enzymes to digest the cell walls. Once the cell walls areremoved, the protoplasts are then fused together, and then grow into complete plants. This process is used with improving African Violet species as well as some tree species, although it is of limited success. The medium on which cultured plant tissues and cells are grown contains plant hormones, vitamins, and a nutrient source such as ammonium salts or amino acids. Auxin results in root grow, while cytokinin results in shootgrowth. The amounts of these two hormones can be varied in order to cause different parts of the plant to grow. Unlike adult animal cells, adult plant cells are totipotent, meaning that one single cell can be used to produce all differentiated cell in the plant.
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