“learners do not need to be taught grammar before they can communicate but will acquire it naturally as part of the process of learning to communicate”. So, the second language learning is possible and can be achieved by just focusing on the function (communication), instead of the form (grammar) but this will only help the learner to achieve fluency rather than accuracy (grammatical or syntactical structure) in that language. According to research done by two linguistics, although the fluency of students in the CLT programs differs significantly from that of their counterparts in more traditional programs , there is often a lack of grammatical accuracy (Lightbown, 1991; Lightbown & Spada,1990). These findings suggest that some form of grammatical instructions needs to be included in CLT programs. So, the inclusion of grammar into the CLT will help the learners to acquire fluency and accuracy both at the same time.
During the late twentieth century, a lot of research was done on the topic of “Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)” and the majority research findings suggest that some form of grammatical instruction needed to be incorporated in CLT programs. Consequently this led to the renewed calls for “Form-focused instruction (FFI)”, which as suggested by the name, focuses on the forms of words and their meanings. Basically this method of learning second language draws learner attention towards not only communication and fluency, but grammar, pragmatics, spelling, pronunciation and punctuation as well (Long, 1991). Therefore the linguistics recommended that the grammar and communication teaching should not be done in isolation and they should progress side by side. In addition to this Long (1997) also suggested that learners need both communication CLT and FFI to obtain a high level of proficiency and form-oriented instructions to avoid errors.
So we can say that “communicative language teaching” is a very good method to achieve communicative competence while learning a second language, but it has one drawback that it does not focus on the grammatical aspect of that language. As discussed in the paper above, CLT allows the learner to become proficient in any language, but leaves doubt when it comes to the accuracy factor. So, the combination of CLT and FFI must be highly regarded when it comes to language learning because it will help the learner to gain full command over that language i.e. in both pronunciation and correctness.
"ผู้เรียนไม่จำเป็นต้องสอนไวยากรณ์ก่อนที่พวกเขาสามารถติดต่อสื่อสาร แต่จะได้รับตามธรรมชาติเป็นส่วนหนึ่งของกระบวนการเรียนรู้การสื่อสาร" ดังนั้น การเรียนรู้ภาษาที่สองได้ และสามารถทำได้ โดยเน้นการทำงาน (สื่อสาร), เพียงแทนแบบฟอร์ม (ไวยากรณ์) แต่นี้จะช่วยให้ผู้เรียนเพื่อให้บรรลุแคล่วมากกว่าความถูกต้อง (โครงสร้างทางไวยากรณ์ หรือ syntactical) ในภาษานั้น ตามการวิจัยที่ทำ โดยสองภาษาศาสตร์ แม้ว่าความคล่องแคล่วของนักเรียนในโปรแกรม CLT แตกต่างอย่างมีนัยสำคัญจากที่คู่ของพวกเขาในโปรแกรมแบบดั้งเดิมมากขึ้น มีเป็นมักขาดความถูกต้องทางไวยากรณ์ (Lightbown, 1991 Lightbown & Spada, 1990) ผลการวิจัยเหล่านี้แนะนำว่า รูปแบบของคำสั่งไวยากรณ์ต้องถูกรวมไว้ในโปรแกรม CLT ดังนั้น รวมไวยากรณ์ใน CLT จะช่วยให้ผู้เรียนรับแคล่วและถูกต้องทั้งสองในเวลาเดียวกันDuring the late twentieth century, a lot of research was done on the topic of “Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)” and the majority research findings suggest that some form of grammatical instruction needed to be incorporated in CLT programs. Consequently this led to the renewed calls for “Form-focused instruction (FFI)”, which as suggested by the name, focuses on the forms of words and their meanings. Basically this method of learning second language draws learner attention towards not only communication and fluency, but grammar, pragmatics, spelling, pronunciation and punctuation as well (Long, 1991). Therefore the linguistics recommended that the grammar and communication teaching should not be done in isolation and they should progress side by side. In addition to this Long (1997) also suggested that learners need both communication CLT and FFI to obtain a high level of proficiency and form-oriented instructions to avoid errors.So we can say that “communicative language teaching” is a very good method to achieve communicative competence while learning a second language, but it has one drawback that it does not focus on the grammatical aspect of that language. As discussed in the paper above, CLT allows the learner to become proficient in any language, but leaves doubt when it comes to the accuracy factor. So, the combination of CLT and FFI must be highly regarded when it comes to language learning because it will help the learner to gain full command over that language i.e. in both pronunciation and correctness.
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