Resource management programs are underpinned by one or
a mix of four main policy instruments (Table 1), the choice of
which may be crucial to the success of any conservation strategy.
Regulatory instruments (e.g., vegetation clearing controls) can be
used to alter property rights; educational instruments provide
information to administrators and participants of programs or to
landholders in general; voluntary2
instruments can engage land-
holders who have a self-interest in conservation (e.g., Australia’s
Landcare program, European voluntary agreements, and US
conservation easements); and economic instruments can be used
to assist landholders with the opportunity or management costs
associated with conservation activities (e.g., Australia’s Ecotender
and Bushtender schemes, the US Conservation Reserve Program,
and European agri-environmental schemes) or to impose financial
Resource management programs are underpinned by one ora mix of four main policy instruments (Table 1), the choice ofwhich may be crucial to the success of any conservation strategy.Regulatory instruments (e.g., vegetation clearing controls) can beused to alter property rights; educational instruments provideinformation to administrators and participants of programs or tolandholders in general; voluntary2instruments can engage land-holders who have a self-interest in conservation (e.g., Australia’sLandcare program, European voluntary agreements, and USconservation easements); and economic instruments can be usedto assist landholders with the opportunity or management costsassociated with conservation activities (e.g., Australia’s Ecotenderand Bushtender schemes, the US Conservation Reserve Program,and European agri-environmental schemes) or to impose financial
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