Prior to 1972, the Labour Standrads Act regulated OSH conditions. As part pf Japan’s strategy to improve the OSH conditions, the Industrial Safety and Health Actwas introduced as stand-alone legislation. The 1972 Act imposed greater responsibility on top management for OSH issues and also imposed responsibilities on the master contractor in the construction industry. The Act further raised the industry awareness on OSH issues and streamlined legislative requirements to greater clarify roles and responsibilities within enterprises.