Step 3: Clarify the Problem
• Many times the initial problem identified in the first
step of the process is too large or broad in scope. In
step 3 of the process, the researcher clarifies the
problem and narrows the scope of the study. This
can only be done after the literature has been
reviewed. The knowledge gained through the review
of literature guides the researcher in clarifying and
narrowing the research project. (The research
narrows down or focuses the topic into a specific
research question that can be addressed in the
study.)