There are three simple steps to EQing a great drum sound.
Step 1 – Cut the mids
Step 2 – Boost the lows for power
Step 3 – Boost the high-mids for point
Drums can sound inherently boxy. Annoyingly even. And those boxy frequencies reside in the mids, around 400 Hz or so. Maybe a little lower, maybe a little higher. But if you boost the mids, scan the spectrum and cut when the boxiness pops out, you've immediately made your drums sound better. Just by cutting the mids you've subjectively boosted the lows and highs, since the spectrum now looks like it has more lows and highs than it does mids.
If you still need extra power or point to the drum, keep following the steps. Point is what's sometimes called attack on toms, click on bass drum or crack on snare. It's the high-end of the drum that compliments the low-end power of the drum.
Kick – The beater is found around 2–4 kHz, and the boosts depend on the type of “click” you want in your kick drum.
Toms – The lower the tom, the lower the point is found. A 10” tom will have its attack at a higher frequency than a 16” floor tom.
Snare - Search around 3 kHz for the crack of the snares. Beware of cutting too much low end from the snare because the fundamental frequencies are found around 500 Hz. Therefore, use narrower cuts on the mids than you would on the kick or toms.
Similarly, the low-end follows the same path. The lower the drums, the lower the “power” frequency of the drum is.
Kick – Real, punch-in-your-gut power is down there in the 50-60 Hz range. You should also focus on the 80-100 Hz range because those lower frequencies can't really be heard on most consumer speaker systems. But if you want that real power, check out a good artificial way to get a 50 Hz boost in your kick drum with my tutorial: Enhancing the Kick Drum with Sine Waves.
Floor Toms – A similar fullness and power is found in the 80 Hz range. If you have a hard hitting tom part where the floor tom plays a big part, boosting the 80 Hz can give the part much more power.
Snare – You can actually filter the snare drum up to around 100 Hz without compromising the quality of the drum. But the body and weight of the snare can be found in the 150 Hz region. If you want a thicker snare, boosting around 150 Hz will give you a meatier snare.