3. Results and discussion
3.1 Case study context and characteristics
Cumbria is the second largest county in England. It has a mix of rural and urban communities geographically widespread, and having limited road and transport networks. Cumbria is the second least densely populated county in England. 52% of Cumbria’s population live in rural areas. Carlisle is the only city. Barrow-in Furness is in the 105 most deprived local authorities in England, while South Lakeland is amongst the 20% least deprived. There is a high percentage of residents aged 60+ (27%). The main industries are farming, tourism, and the nuclear industry.