Operationally, in ports, there has been a move to encourage ships to turn off their engines and generators while at berth
and connect to a landside electricity supply, a process referred to as ‘cold ironing’ (Zis et al., 2014). Landside electricity may
also be used to power cranes and equipment for moving containers, perhaps accompanied by automation. The electrification
of cranes opens up the possibility of introducing regenerative technology, enabling electricity to be generated when containers
are lowered and reducing crane energy consumption by around 30%3. Research is ongoing on the use of batteries to power
vehicles for moving containers horizontally in ports. In general, the impact of electrification on emissions and the environment
will depend on how and where the electricity is generated. Ports are frequently in windy locations with space available, opening
up the possibility of generating electricity in environmentally friendly ways on site by installing wind turbines or importing and
burning biomass. Thus, a spectrum of practical organizational and supply chain issues arise for the port and maritime transportation
greening.
Operationally, in ports, there has been a move to encourage ships to turn off their engines and generators while at berthand connect to a landside electricity supply, a process referred to as ‘cold ironing’ (Zis et al., 2014). Landside electricity mayalso be used to power cranes and equipment for moving containers, perhaps accompanied by automation. The electrificationof cranes opens up the possibility of introducing regenerative technology, enabling electricity to be generated when containersare lowered and reducing crane energy consumption by around 30%3. Research is ongoing on the use of batteries to powervehicles for moving containers horizontally in ports. In general, the impact of electrification on emissions and the environmentwill depend on how and where the electricity is generated. Ports are frequently in windy locations with space available, openingup the possibility of generating electricity in environmentally friendly ways on site by installing wind turbines or importing andburning biomass. Thus, a spectrum of practical organizational and supply chain issues arise for the port and maritime transportationgreening.
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