Effects of chlorpyrifos ethyl on acetylcholinesterase activity in climbing perch cultured in rice fields in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
1. Introduction
Climbing perch (Anabas testudineus, Bloch, 1792) is one of the
five most commonly harvested native fish species in rice fields in
the Mekong Delta, and plays an important role for many households in terms of additional sources of income and nutrition
(Klemick and Lichtenberg, 2008). However an overuse of pesticides in intensive rice farming constitutes a potential threat to
climbing perch and other aquatic organisms. Although there is no
official statistics on climbing perch populations, there is a decreasing trend in wild fish yields from agro-ecosystems in the
Mekong Delta (Edwards et al., 1997).
Organophosphates (OPs), which are commonly used insecticides in the delta, are often highly toxic to aquatic animals.
Chlorpyrifos ethyl (CPF) is frequently used to control a variety of
insects (Pope et al., 2005). The recommended application rate is
0.6–0.8 L/ha of the commercial product (Vitashield 40EC), while a
recent study indicated that farmers in the Mekong Delta commonly apply much higher concentrations (RCRD, 2014).
CPF is a well known acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor (Taylor
Effects of chlorpyrifos ethyl on acetylcholinesterase activity in climbing perch cultured in rice fields in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam1. IntroductionClimbing perch (Anabas testudineus, Bloch, 1792) is one of thefive most commonly harvested native fish species in rice fields inthe Mekong Delta, and plays an important role for many households in terms of additional sources of income and nutrition(Klemick and Lichtenberg, 2008). However an overuse of pesticides in intensive rice farming constitutes a potential threat toclimbing perch and other aquatic organisms. Although there is noofficial statistics on climbing perch populations, there is a decreasing trend in wild fish yields from agro-ecosystems in theMekong Delta (Edwards et al., 1997).Organophosphates (OPs), which are commonly used insecticides in the delta, are often highly toxic to aquatic animals.Chlorpyrifos ethyl (CPF) is frequently used to control a variety ofinsects (Pope et al., 2005). The recommended application rate is0.6–0.8 L/ha of the commercial product (Vitashield 40EC), while arecent study indicated that farmers in the Mekong Delta commonly apply much higher concentrations (RCRD, 2014).CPF is a well known acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor (Taylor
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