In conclusion, assessment is an essential task of any professional who has to make sound decision about students’ learning. Assessments without any quality control, as it is often the case in educational practice, risk poor quality leading to invalid assessment and unintended learning processes and outcomes. Awareness about what constitutes assessment quality is an essential condition to assure assessment quality on the long term. The quality pyramid of assessment can provide schools and institutions a helpful tool to analyse the quality of assessment on each ofthe six entities. In practice, it can be observed that quality assurance is often translated into criteria, procedures and checklists that are administered before, during and after an assessment. This special issue intends to contribute to the awareness that quality assurance in assessment is not only a matter of control (using checklists and procedures), but mainly guaranteed by the quality of the users (students and teachers) and the way this is reflected in the spirit instead of the letter of assessment.