China is now becoming the largest consumer of pesticides worldwide. In recent years, there has been a height-enedpublic awareness of pesticides and children's health inNorthAmerica and around theworld. Humanepide-miological studies have examined the relationship of pesticide exposures with children's health such as
neurodevelopment and cancer, and they reported less consistent results. With regard to this topic, however,
China is still in the early stages of cross-sectional or case–control design, and few data have been available. Fur-thermore, wehavediscussed several important limitations suchas studydesign, exposuremeasurement, andde-velopmental assessment from current literature, which should be interpreted with caution. We also presented
the vulnerability and source of children's exposure to pesticides