Phase 2 project activities addressed PACE EH tasks
6–11. This phase focused on assessing the prioritized
ARTICLE IN PRESS
Table 1. Recommended tasks of the PACE EH guidebooka
Task 1: Determine community capacity to undertake
assessment
Task 2: Define and characterize the community
Task 3: Assemble community environmental health assessment
team
Task 4: Define goals of the assessment
Task 5: Generate the environmental health issues list
Task 6: Analyze issues with a systems framework
Task 7: Develop appropriate community environmental health
indicators
Task 8: Select standardsb
Task 9: Create environmental health issue profiles
Task 10: Rank environmental health issues
Task 11: Set priorities for action
Task 12: Develop an action plan
Task 13: Evaluate progress and plan for the future
aAvailable at http://www.naccho.org/GENERAL261.cfm
bTask 8 was not addressed in the Cardozo assessment process.
B. Hubbard et al. / Int. J. Hyg. Environ.-Health 208 (2005) 101–107 103
environmental health risks,the perceived needs of the
residents,an d the feasibility of technical solutions. The
CDC technical assistance team utilized World Health
Organization guidance documents to design instruments
to assess sanitary procedures,water storage practices,
and water system conditions that could adversely affect
water quality and health (World Health Organization,
1997). CARE Peru and CDC staff worked closely with
technicians in Cardozo to assess water supply and
sewage disposal systems. This comprehensive systemsbased
approach identified construction and operation
and maintenance factors affecting water quality. These
assessments addressed the question,‘‘Wha t are the
contaminants of concern and how are residents being
exposed?’’ The instruments focused on collecting information
about the factors leading to exposure and
identifying sources of contamination. The CIIMSA
approved the SAU Project work proposals and began
developing indicators of risk related to the local water
supply and sewer systems. In October 2000,August
2001,an d September 2003, DISA, DESA,and municipal
technicians assessed the water systems used by the
community and collected samples for microbiological
analysis. Before these assessment activities,no water
quality information existed about the settlement’s water
supply systems,even though the settlement had existed
for more than 20 years. Assessment activities focused on
obtaining water quality data,promot ing interaction
among key environmental health service groups,and
training on environmental health problem solving