To use a pulse oximeter, apply the probe to the victim’s finger or any other measuring site, such as the earlobe or foot, according to the manufacturer’s recommendation. Let the machine register the oxygen saturation level and verify the victim’s pulse rate on the oximeter with the actual pulse of the victim. Monitor and record the victim’s saturation levels while administering emergency oxygen. If the oxygen level reaches 100 percent and local protocols allow, you may decrease the flow rate of oxygen and change to a lower-flowing delivery device.
Limitations
Some factors may reduce the reliability of the pulse oximetry reading, including:
■ Hypoperfusion, poor perfusion (shock).
■ Cardiac arrest (absent perfusion to fi ngers).
■ Excessive motion of the victim during the reading.
■ Fingernail polish (remove it using an acetone wipe).
■ Carbon monoxide poisoning (carbon monoxide saturates hemoglobin).
■ Hypothermia or other cold-related illness.
■ Sickle cell disease or anemia.
■ Cigarette smokers (due to carbon monoxide).
■ Edema (swelling).
■ Time lag in detection of respiratory insuffi ciency. (The pulse oximeter could warn too late of a decrease in respiratory function based on the amount of oxygen in circulation.)
USING A RESUSCITATION MASK
Note: Always follow standard precautions when providing care. Always select the properly sized mask for the victim.
1.ASSEMBLE THE RESUSCITATION MASK
■ Attach the one-way valve to the resuscitation mask, if necessary.
2.POSITION THE MASK
■ Kneel to the side of or above the victim’s head and place the rim of the mask between the
victim’s lower lip and chin.
■ Lower the resuscitation mask until it covers the victim’s mouth and nose.
3.SEAL THE MASK
■ From a position either on the side of or
above the victim’s head, apply even,
downward pressure to seal the top and
bottom of the mask.
■ If you suspect a head, neck or spinal
injury, without moving the victim’s
head, apply even, downward pressure
with your thumbs to seal the mask.
4.OPEN THE AIRWAY
■ From the side of the victim’s head, tilt the head back and lift the chin.
■ From above the victim’s head, tilt the head back and lift the jaw.
■ If you suspect a head, neck or spinal injury, without tilting the head back, push or thrust the
lower jaw up with your fi ngers along the jawbone.
5.BLOW INTO THE MASK
■ Each ventilation should last about 1 second and make the victim’s
chest clearly rise.
■ The chest should fall before the next ventilation is given.