The principle of responsibility, which demands an examination of where responsibility lies in war.
Jus in bello requires that the agents of war be held responsible for their actions. This ties in their actions to morality generally.
This article has described the main tenets of the just war theory, as well as some of the problems that it entails. The theory bridges theoretical and applied ethics, since it demands an adherence, or at least a consideration of meta-ethical conditions and models, as well as prompting concern for the practicalities of war. A few of those practicalities have been mentioned here. Other areas of interest are: hostages, innocent threats, international blockades, sieges, the use of weapons of mass destruction or of anti-personnel weapons (for example, land mines), and the morality and practicalities
of interventionism.
Conditions on the Recourse to Reprisals
The Naulilaa Incident re ferred to at the beginning of Section II, specified now well-accepted limits on the use of reprisals. Specifically, reprisals (1) can only be executed by agencies or instrumentalities of a State; (2) must be proportionate; and (3) must follow a failed attempt to resolve the violation by peaceful negotiation.
A.Prior Violation of International Law
B.Proportionality
C. Last Resort