Based on the principles of industrial ecology, a new
concept has been evolved. An Eco-Industrial Park,
or EIP, is a public/private partnership where this
industrial ecology approach to industry is contained
in one development. The bene®ts of this arrangement
are that the waste material or product of one company
can be recycled into the manufacturing process of one
or more companies with minimal transportation and
production costs. EIPs are designed to produce minimal
emissions, minimal noise and ground pollution,
and minimal waste. EIP ®rms are designed to ®t the
environment instead of adjusting the environment to
®t the ®rm (Dunn, 1995).