Results: Median QI performance of departments varied between 31 % (‘Treat urinary tract infection inmen according to
local guideline’) and 77 % (‘Perform urine culture’). The patient characteristics non-febrile urinary tract infection, female
sex and presence of a urinary catheter were negatively associated with performance on many QIs. The presence of an
infectious diseases physician and an antibiotic formulary were positively associated with ‘Prescribe empirical therapy
according to guideline’. No other department or hospital characteristics, including stewardship elements, were
consistently associated with better QI performance.