consisting of those who performed simple running and joint exercises, and an aerobic warm-up with stretching group (aerobic stretch-warm-ups, ASW). NWU directly underwent isokinetic muscle testing without warm-ups, while AWU started power walking at an strength of 40%–60% of predicted maximum heart rate, performed light running for 10 min, and then underwent isokinetic muscle testing. ASW performed light running for 10 min, performed static stretching, and then underwent isokinetic muscle testing