Sample preparation. 1–5 mL wine, 19–15 mL water (Milli-Q), 0.5 mL of hydrochloric acid and 0.05 mL of plating solution were mixed in a PE beaker (20–60 mL).
For simultaneous determination of Cd, Pb, and Cu, a deposition potential of –1200 mV (vs. SCE) was used. The chosen deposition time was 5 min.
Two standard additions were used for element determination.
If the sample changer was used, the reference sample and wine samples were measured alternately.