Reinforced concrete deep beams are members in which a
signi cant amount of the load is carried to the support by a
compression thrust joining the loading and reaction point. ACI
318-02 Section 11.8 [1] speci es that deep beams should be
loaded on loading points and supported on reaction points so
that compression struts can develop between the loads and
supports. For many years, the deep beam has been designed
based on empirical methods for slender beams. However, some
experimental results and analytical reports have indicated that
shear strength, redistribution of internal forces before failure,
and internal force mechanisms in deep beams are quite different
from those in slender beams. Thus, in recent years, the methods
for reasonable deep beam design, such as the strut-and-tie
model, have been created.