It is necessary to analyze in more detail not only the amino acid sequence but also their three-dimensional structures that separate blast resistance and BPH resistance. BPH26 showed relatively strong expression in the vascular bundle of young leaves inside the leaf sheath, as revealed by in situ hybridization analysis. This suggests that BPH26 is especially required in the vascular bundles where BPH often attacks to feed. BPH14 has been suggested to be remarkably expressed in the vascular bundles via the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter system25. Expression of R gene in the vascular bundles might be important for BPH resistance.