Moderate intensity aerobic exercise has been proven to prevent hypertension and to help in the management of stage 1 hypertension. Dynamic resistance exercises, if done properly, contribute to lowering both systolic and diastolic blood pressures. There is insufficient evidence about the safety and efficacy of isometric resistance training to recommend it.
Aerobic exercise increases and redistributes cardiac output to maintain perfusion of active muscles. This response is triggered by neurohormonal and hydrostatic mechanisms, initially by increasing systolic volume and then by increasing the heart rate. Systolic BP rises as cardiac output increases, while DBP falls as a result of decreased peripheral vascular resistance (PVR), facilitating perfusion of large muscle groups.
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