In the first set of analyses, planning for individual ecosystem services showed that between 4% and 13% of the grassland biome was required to conserve at least 40% of water services and 50% of the soil services in the grassland. When planning for carbon only, 34% of the biome was needed to produce 40% of the total carbon. In the second set of analyses, planning for all services in scenario 1 showed that only 17% of the grassland biome was required to produce 20% of the water and carbon services plus 50% of soil services. The area selected for conservation interventions to enhance delivery of ecosystem services when planning for ecosystem services did not necessarily increase with an increase in the number of ecosystem services. For example, meeting targets for scenario 2 showed that only 35% of the study area was needed. This number is not far from the 34% reported for carbon storage alone. As expected, the percentage area of the grassland selected to conserve all five services increased with an increase in target. In scenario 3, 56% of the study area was needed to produce 60% of all water and carbon services and 50% of the soil services. In Scenario 2 and 3, the best set of catchments selected to meet ecosystem services targets were scattered across the study area (Fig. 2aec).This pattern differed from previously identified terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity priority areas which formed clusters in different parts of the study area (Fig. 2d and e).