Rarefaction analyses showed that the number of OTUs observed for 16S did not reach saturation, even after 30,000 sequences, indicating more sequencing efforts were needed. However, the number of observed OTUs for ITS tended to plateau after 20,000 sequences at 97% similarity (Fig. S1). Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) based on weighted UniFrac algorithm clearly revealed that the soil microbial community varied among the different fertilizer treatments (Fig. 3). For bacteria, the CF treatment was separated distinctly from the LBIO and HBIO treatments along the first component (PCoA1), and the HBIO treatment was also separated from the LBIO treatment along the second component (PCoA2). Similarly, the LBIO treatment was clearly separated from the HBIO treatment and CF control along the first component (PCoA2), and the HBIO treatment was separated from the CF treatment along the second component (PCoA1) for fungi.