NGS creates high expectations regarding the potential of this technolo-
gy in the context of Newborn screening. However, the application of
NGS technologies to the diagnosis of genetic disorders, including
hyperhomocysteinemias, can be presently considered premature. It is
likely that its implementation in newborns will become routine in the
(near) future. This possibility will change the landscape of newborn
screening, although it will raise new medical, ethical and social prob-
lems concerning the consequences of a positive screen test. For exam-
ple, interpretation of DNA data in a population of healthy newborns is
a challenge. In fact, the genotype-phenotype correlation in metabolic
conditions often is not straightforward. Storage of genetic information
raises other questions, ranging from governance and privacy to
handling and accessibility of the data.