The threshold for heat stress on milk yield of Holsteincrossbreds under climatic conditions in Thailandwas investigated, and genetic effects of heat stresson milk yield were estimated. Data included 400,738test-day milk yield records for the first 3 parities from25,609 Thai crossbred Holsteins between 1990 and2008. Mean test-day milk yield ranged from 12.6 kgfor cows with <87.5% Holstein genetics to 14.4 kg forcows with ≥93.7% Holstein genetics. Daily temperatureand humidity data from 26 provincial weather stationswere used to calculate a temperature-humidity index(THI). Test-day milk yield varied little with THI forfirst parity except above a THI of 82 for cows with≥93.7% Holstein genetics. For third parity, test-daymilk yield started to decline after a THI of 74 for cowswith ≥87.5% Holstein genetics and declined more rapidlyafter a THI of 82. A repeatability test-day modelwith parities as correlated traits was used to estimateheat stress parameters; fixed effects included herd–testmonth–test year and breed groups, days in milk, calvingage, and parity; random effects included 2 additivegenetic effects, regular and heat stress, and 2 permanentenvironment, regular and heat stress. The threshold foreffect of heat stress on test-day milk yield was set to aTHI of 80. All variance component estimates increasedwith parity; the largest increases were found for effectsassociated with heat stress. In particular, genetic varianceassociated with heat stress quadrupled from firstto third parity, whereas permanent environmental varianceonly doubled. However, permanent environmentalvariance for heat stress was at least 10 times largerthan genetic variance. Genetic correlations among paritiesfor additive effects without heat stress consideredranged from 0.88 to 0.96. Genetic correlations amongparities for additive effects of heat stress ranged from0.08 to 0.22, and genetic correlations between effectsregular and heat stress effects ranged from −0.21 to−0.33 for individual parities. Effect of heat stress onThai Holstein crossbreds increased greatly with parityand was especially large after a THI of 80 for cowswith a high percentage of Holstein genetics (≥93.7%).Individual sensitivity to heat stress was more environmentalthan genetic for Thai Holstein crossbreds.Key words: heat stress, milk yield, genetic effect,Thailand
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
