THE CASE FOR A POLITICS-ADMINISTRATION DICHOTOMY
A more carefully argued examination of the politics-administration dichotomy was offered by Frank J. Goodnow (1859–1939) in his book, Politics and Administration, published in 1900. Goodnow, one of the founders and first president (in 1903) of the American Political Science Association, was one of the most significant voices and writers of the progressive reform move- ment.24 To Goodnow, modern administration presented a number of dilemmas involving political and administrative functions that had now supplanted the traditional concern with the separation of powers among the various branches of government. Politics and administration could be distinguished, he argued, as “the expression of the will of the state and the execution of that will.”
Reprinted here is Goodnow’s original analysis of the distinction between politics and adminis- tration. Note how even Goodnow had to admit that when the function of political decision making and administration was legally separated, there developed a “tendency for the necessary control to develop extra-legally through the political party system.” The articulation of the politics-administra- tion dichotomy also reflected the next phase in the emergence of American public administration. Whereas the first phase before World War I focused primarily on the evils of patronage and spoils systems and eliminating corruption in municipal government, the second phase would emphasize the growth of public spending and the ascendance of the “new management” in government. City manag- ers, executive budget systems, and centralized and accountability-driven administrative systems were all key reform themes.25
THE CASE FOR A POLITICS-ADMINISTRATION DICHOTOMYA more carefully argued examination of the politics-administration dichotomy was offered by Frank J. Goodnow (1859–1939) in his book, Politics and Administration, published in 1900. Goodnow, one of the founders and first president (in 1903) of the American Political Science Association, was one of the most significant voices and writers of the progressive reform move- ment.24 To Goodnow, modern administration presented a number of dilemmas involving political and administrative functions that had now supplanted the traditional concern with the separation of powers among the various branches of government. Politics and administration could be distinguished, he argued, as “the expression of the will of the state and the execution of that will.”Reprinted here is Goodnow’s original analysis of the distinction between politics and adminis- tration. Note how even Goodnow had to admit that when the function of political decision making and administration was legally separated, there developed a “tendency for the necessary control to develop extra-legally through the political party system.” The articulation of the politics-administra- tion dichotomy also reflected the next phase in the emergence of American public administration. Whereas the first phase before World War I focused primarily on the evils of patronage and spoils systems and eliminating corruption in municipal government, the second phase would emphasize the growth of public spending and the ascendance of the “new management” in government. City manag- ers, executive budget systems, and centralized and accountability-driven administrative systems were all key reform themes.25
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