The area under study is located at South-East Cairo Fig. 1. It
is characterized by low to moderate topography. Some steep
slopes are observed behind the factories. The recorded highest
elevation is about 60 meters above mean sea level (amsl), while
the lowest elevation is about 38 meters (amsl) at the eastern
part, the general stratigraphic column of the studied area is
as follows from bottom to top [9].
– Observatory formation: It is of Middle Eocene age and consists
of white limestone to chalk at some places. Its thickness
reaches 80 meters.