A reform such as the performance management always brings about change, and as noted by Wallace (2003)
change is complex as it is about new experience, new learning and always intruding into people’s habitual
practices and beliefs within their organisations. McShane and Travaglione (2003) also argue that change can be
very stressful and threatening to people’s self-esteem and can create an atmosphere of uncertainty about their
future. Against this backdrop, it is suggested in the literature read that that effort needs to be taken to avoid
possible tensions between those in management and their staff. According to Rhydderch et al (2004), the role of
leadership is crucial in encouraging staff as individuals and teams to participate in change to ensure that there is
an overlap between individual and organisational goals, since resistance to change is a result of lack of such
necessary overlap between individual and organisational goals. McShane and Travaglione (2003) argued that
when employees are involved they cease to consider themselves as agents of other people’s decisions, but rather
feel responsible for organisational success. Their involvement could also minimise the problem of fear of the
unknown.