Implementation-related issues and concerns (par 12) Implementation" is short-hand for developing countries' problems in the WTO Agreements, ie. the agreements arising from the Uruguay Round negotiations. No area of wro work received more attention or generated more controversy during nearly three years of hard bargaining before the Doha Ministerial Conference. Around 100 issues were raised during that period. The result was a two-pronged approach: More than 40 items under 12 headings were settled at or before the Doha conference for immediate delivery. The vast majority of the remaining items immediately became the subject of negotiations This was spelt out in a separate ministerial decision on implementation, combined with paragraph 12 of the main Doha Declaration. The implementation decision includes the following (detailed explanations can be seen on the WTO website: General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Balance of payments exception: darifying less stringent conditions in GATT for devel oping countries if they restrict imports in order to protect their balance of payments Market access commitments: clarifying eligibility to negotiate or be consulted on quota allocation.