subsequently desorbed on TiO2 thin films. However, as described
in the experimental section, the adsorption kinetics data
were directly obtained in a small adsorption chamber in the absence
of the desorption step. The adsorption kinetics of gardenia
and cochineal dyes on the TiO2 film from aqueous solutions were
obtained and then analyzed by employing a pseudo-second-order
model. Kinetics data provide valuable information for