The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to VAT, including at the zero rate. The two VAT rates are the standard rate of 10% and the zero rate (0%), which applies to exported taxable goods (tangible or intangible) and taxable services (see below for details regarding the applicability of the zero rate to the export of taxable services).
Non-taxable goods include mining or drilling products extracted from source, basic commodities for public necessities (rice, corn, sago, soybean, iodized and non-iodized salt, fresh meat, eggs, milk, fruits and vegetables), food and beverages served in hotels, restaurants, food courts and such other places (dine-in or take-away, including catering), money, gold bars and valuable documents.
Non-taxable services include the following:
Medical health services
Social services (orphanages and funerals)
Mail services with stamps (postal services)
Financial services including fund raising and placement
Financing services including shariah-based financing (financial lease, factoring, credit card and consumer financing)
Underwriting and mortgage
Insurance services
Religious services
Educational services
Commercial art and entertainment services that are subject to regional entertainment tax
Broadcasting services for non-advertising (radio or television broadcasting performed by a government institution or private agency that does not constitute advertising and that is not financed by a sponsor for commercial purposes)
Public transport on land or water
Domestic air transport as an integrated part of international air services
Manpower services
Hotel services
Public services provided by the government
Parking space services
Money order services
Catering services
The term “exempt deliveries” refers to deliveries of certain taxable goods and taxable services that are exempt from VAT and that do not give rise to a right of input tax deduction or credit (see Section F).
VAT exemption also applies to deliveries or importation of goods that fall under the category of “strategic goods.” These goods include, but are not limited to, capital goods in the form of plant machinery and equipment, certain agricultural products, seeds for agriculture and electricity for houses (see the listing below).
The following lists provide some examples of exempt supplies of goods and services and zero-rated goods.
Examples of exempt supplies of goods and services
Official textbooks
Religious books
Vaccines
Certain ships, aircraft and trains
Some real estate transactions
Services supplied to local shipping companies
Services supplied by the national army
Examples of exempt supplies of “strategic goods”
Capital goods in the form of plant machinery and equipment, in either built-up or knock-down condition, not including spare parts
Livestock, poultry, and fish feed and raw materials for the manufacture of livestock, poultry, and fish feed
Agricultural produce (goods produced from business activities in the sectors of agriculture, plantations, and forestry, livestock farming, hunting or trapping, or breeding fisheries, whether from fishing or cultivation)
Seeds or sperm of agricultural, plantation, forestry, livestock, breeding, or fishery products
Clean water channeled through pipes by a potable water company
Electricity, except for residences with power in excess of 6,600 watts
Examples of zero-rated supplies of goods
Exports of taxable goods (tangible or intangible) and taxable services
However, the implementing regulation states that exports of services subject to zero-rated VAT, are limited to the following categories:
Toll manufacturing services for overseas customers that meet certain requirements (in the toll manufacturing process, a contractor manufactures goods using raw materials provided by the party ordering the goods, and the manufactured goods are delivered to the ordering party or others appointed by the ordering party)
Reparation and maintenance services relating to movable goods that are being used outside the Indonesia Customs Area
Construction services, which include construction planning consultation services, construction execution work services and construction supervising consultation services, if these services are related to immovable goods located outside the Indonesia Customs Area
The Free Trade Zone (FTZ) regimes provide a VAT exemption for the delivery of goods or services within the FTZ, and the non-collection of VAT for the delivery of taxable goods or services to the FTZ. The areas that have been confirmed as FTZs are Batam Island, Sabang Island, and Bintan and Karimun Islands.
Special VAT-free regimes. Other VAT regimes technically eliminate the payment of VAT due. These include the following:
The non-collection of VAT payable to companies in bonded zone areas and to manufacturers of goods for export
The non-collection of VAT payable arising from goods or services supplied by principal contractors of projects financed by foreign aid loans or grants
In this context, non-collection refers to the tax facility under which the VAT due is not collected for certain taxable goods and services. Under such tax facility, the related input VAT can still be claimed as a tax credit.
E. Time of supply
F. Recovery of VAT by taxable persons
G. Recovery of VAT by nonresident businesses
H. Invoicing
VAT invoices and credit notes. A standard VAT invoice for all taxable supplies made must be provided by Indonesian taxable entrepreneurs except those who are engaged in retail business or are the end-users of the goods.
Effective 1 April 2013, the VAT invoice number is determined by the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT). Indonesian taxable entrepreneurs are required to request the VAT invoice number from the DGT before issuing VAT invoices.
Indonesian taxable entrepreneurs are also required to submit a specimen of the signature of the authorized person who will sign VAT invoices.
A complete and correct standard VAT invoice is generally necessary to support a claim for input tax credit.
A purchaser who returns goods to a supplier or cancels services may issue a credit note or cancellation note. A credit note or cancellation note must refer to the original VAT invoice and clearly indicate details of the returned goods or cancelled services. A credit note or cancellation note may be used to adjust the amount of VAT due for a taxable supply of goods or services.
Proof of exports. Exports of goods are subject to VAT at the rate of 0%. However, export supplies must be supported with evidence that the goods were exported outside Indonesia. Valid evidence of export includes “Notification of Export Goods” (PEB) documents issued by the customs office for goods that have been approved for loading.
Foreign-currency invoices. For supplies denominated in a foreign currency, the amounts of output tax shown must be stated in Indonesian rupiah (IDR). The official exchange rate issued by the Minister of Finance on the date on which the VAT invoice is issued must be used to convert the currency.
I. VAT returns and payment
Effective from 1 April 2010, the due date for the submission of monthly VAT returns is the last day of the following tax period. The VAT due must be settled before the submission of the monthly VAT returns.
VAT liabilities must be paid in Indonesian rupiah.
A new form of VAT return (SPT Masa PPN 1111) was introduced for VAT reporting periods beginning with the January 2011 period.
Penalties. A penalty is charged at the rate of 2% per month on late payments of VAT. In the case of a tax audit, the maximum period is 24 months. An additional penalty of IDR500,000 is assessed for each VAT return submitted late.
A penalty, charged at a rate of 2% of the sales value, is imposed for the failure to issue a VAT invoice or for the issuance of a VAT invoice that is considered defective (including a VAT invoice that is issued late).
For severe evasion or fraud, criminal penalties apply. Two criminal offenses that may be charged with respect to VAT are described below.
Criminal offenses related to general tax administration excluding the issue related to a tax invoice. Criminal offenses related to general tax administration other than the issue related to the tax invoice that cause losses to the revenue of the state are punishable by imprisonment from six months to six years and a fine of twice the amount of the unpaid or underpaid taxes (minimum fine) or of four times the amount of unpaid or underpaid taxes (maximum fine). This criminal sanction may be doubled if the taxpayer commits another criminal tax offense before one year elapses from the date of completion of the taxpayer’s jail term.
Criminal offenses related to the issuance of a tax invoice. Criminal offenses related to the issuance of a tax invoice are punishable by imprisonment from two years to six years and a fine ranging from two times to six times the amount of tax declared in the tax invoice.
The content is based on information current as of 1 January 2014, unless otherwise indicated in the text of the chapter. Changes to the tax laws and other applicable rules in various countries covered by this publication may be proposed. Therefore, readers should contact their local EY firms to obtain further information.
This publication contains information in summary form and is therefore intended for general guidance only. It is not intended to be a substitute for detailed research or the exercise of professional judgment. Neither EYGM Limited nor any other member of the global EY organization can accept any responsibility for loss occasioned to any person acting or refraining from action as a result of any material in this
The term “taxable supplies” refers to supplies of goods and services that are liable to VAT, including at the zero rate. The two VAT rates are the standard rate of 10% and the zero rate (0%), which applies to exported taxable goods (tangible or intangible) and taxable services (see below for details regarding the applicability of the zero rate to the export of taxable services).
Non-taxable goods include mining or drilling products extracted from source, basic commodities for public necessities (rice, corn, sago, soybean, iodized and non-iodized salt, fresh meat, eggs, milk, fruits and vegetables), food and beverages served in hotels, restaurants, food courts and such other places (dine-in or take-away, including catering), money, gold bars and valuable documents.
Non-taxable services include the following:
Medical health services
Social services (orphanages and funerals)
Mail services with stamps (postal services)
Financial services including fund raising and placement
Financing services including shariah-based financing (financial lease, factoring, credit card and consumer financing)
Underwriting and mortgage
Insurance services
Religious services
Educational services
Commercial art and entertainment services that are subject to regional entertainment tax
Broadcasting services for non-advertising (radio or television broadcasting performed by a government institution or private agency that does not constitute advertising and that is not financed by a sponsor for commercial purposes)
Public transport on land or water
Domestic air transport as an integrated part of international air services
Manpower services
Hotel services
Public services provided by the government
Parking space services
Money order services
Catering services
The term “exempt deliveries” refers to deliveries of certain taxable goods and taxable services that are exempt from VAT and that do not give rise to a right of input tax deduction or credit (see Section F).
VAT exemption also applies to deliveries or importation of goods that fall under the category of “strategic goods.” These goods include, but are not limited to, capital goods in the form of plant machinery and equipment, certain agricultural products, seeds for agriculture and electricity for houses (see the listing below).
The following lists provide some examples of exempt supplies of goods and services and zero-rated goods.
Examples of exempt supplies of goods and services
Official textbooks
Religious books
Vaccines
Certain ships, aircraft and trains
Some real estate transactions
Services supplied to local shipping companies
Services supplied by the national army
Examples of exempt supplies of “strategic goods”
Capital goods in the form of plant machinery and equipment, in either built-up or knock-down condition, not including spare parts
Livestock, poultry, and fish feed and raw materials for the manufacture of livestock, poultry, and fish feed
Agricultural produce (goods produced from business activities in the sectors of agriculture, plantations, and forestry, livestock farming, hunting or trapping, or breeding fisheries, whether from fishing or cultivation)
Seeds or sperm of agricultural, plantation, forestry, livestock, breeding, or fishery products
Clean water channeled through pipes by a potable water company
Electricity, except for residences with power in excess of 6,600 watts
Examples of zero-rated supplies of goods
Exports of taxable goods (tangible or intangible) and taxable services
However, the implementing regulation states that exports of services subject to zero-rated VAT, are limited to the following categories:
Toll manufacturing services for overseas customers that meet certain requirements (in the toll manufacturing process, a contractor manufactures goods using raw materials provided by the party ordering the goods, and the manufactured goods are delivered to the ordering party or others appointed by the ordering party)
Reparation and maintenance services relating to movable goods that are being used outside the Indonesia Customs Area
Construction services, which include construction planning consultation services, construction execution work services and construction supervising consultation services, if these services are related to immovable goods located outside the Indonesia Customs Area
The Free Trade Zone (FTZ) regimes provide a VAT exemption for the delivery of goods or services within the FTZ, and the non-collection of VAT for the delivery of taxable goods or services to the FTZ. The areas that have been confirmed as FTZs are Batam Island, Sabang Island, and Bintan and Karimun Islands.
Special VAT-free regimes. Other VAT regimes technically eliminate the payment of VAT due. These include the following:
The non-collection of VAT payable to companies in bonded zone areas and to manufacturers of goods for export
The non-collection of VAT payable arising from goods or services supplied by principal contractors of projects financed by foreign aid loans or grants
In this context, non-collection refers to the tax facility under which the VAT due is not collected for certain taxable goods and services. Under such tax facility, the related input VAT can still be claimed as a tax credit.
E. Time of supply
F. Recovery of VAT by taxable persons
G. Recovery of VAT by nonresident businesses
H. Invoicing
VAT invoices and credit notes. A standard VAT invoice for all taxable supplies made must be provided by Indonesian taxable entrepreneurs except those who are engaged in retail business or are the end-users of the goods.
Effective 1 April 2013, the VAT invoice number is determined by the Directorate General of Taxes (DGT). Indonesian taxable entrepreneurs are required to request the VAT invoice number from the DGT before issuing VAT invoices.
Indonesian taxable entrepreneurs are also required to submit a specimen of the signature of the authorized person who will sign VAT invoices.
A complete and correct standard VAT invoice is generally necessary to support a claim for input tax credit.
A purchaser who returns goods to a supplier or cancels services may issue a credit note or cancellation note. A credit note or cancellation note must refer to the original VAT invoice and clearly indicate details of the returned goods or cancelled services. A credit note or cancellation note may be used to adjust the amount of VAT due for a taxable supply of goods or services.
Proof of exports. Exports of goods are subject to VAT at the rate of 0%. However, export supplies must be supported with evidence that the goods were exported outside Indonesia. Valid evidence of export includes “Notification of Export Goods” (PEB) documents issued by the customs office for goods that have been approved for loading.
Foreign-currency invoices. For supplies denominated in a foreign currency, the amounts of output tax shown must be stated in Indonesian rupiah (IDR). The official exchange rate issued by the Minister of Finance on the date on which the VAT invoice is issued must be used to convert the currency.
I. VAT returns and payment
Effective from 1 April 2010, the due date for the submission of monthly VAT returns is the last day of the following tax period. The VAT due must be settled before the submission of the monthly VAT returns.
VAT liabilities must be paid in Indonesian rupiah.
A new form of VAT return (SPT Masa PPN 1111) was introduced for VAT reporting periods beginning with the January 2011 period.
Penalties. A penalty is charged at the rate of 2% per month on late payments of VAT. In the case of a tax audit, the maximum period is 24 months. An additional penalty of IDR500,000 is assessed for each VAT return submitted late.
A penalty, charged at a rate of 2% of the sales value, is imposed for the failure to issue a VAT invoice or for the issuance of a VAT invoice that is considered defective (including a VAT invoice that is issued late).
For severe evasion or fraud, criminal penalties apply. Two criminal offenses that may be charged with respect to VAT are described below.
Criminal offenses related to general tax administration excluding the issue related to a tax invoice. Criminal offenses related to general tax administration other than the issue related to the tax invoice that cause losses to the revenue of the state are punishable by imprisonment from six months to six years and a fine of twice the amount of the unpaid or underpaid taxes (minimum fine) or of four times the amount of unpaid or underpaid taxes (maximum fine). This criminal sanction may be doubled if the taxpayer commits another criminal tax offense before one year elapses from the date of completion of the taxpayer’s jail term.
Criminal offenses related to the issuance of a tax invoice. Criminal offenses related to the issuance of a tax invoice are punishable by imprisonment from two years to six years and a fine ranging from two times to six times the amount of tax declared in the tax invoice.
The content is based on information current as of 1 January 2014, unless otherwise indicated in the text of the chapter. Changes to the tax laws and other applicable rules in various countries covered by this publication may be proposed. Therefore, readers should contact their local EY firms to obtain further information.
This publication contains information in summary form and is therefore intended for general guidance only. It is not intended to be a substitute for detailed research or the exercise of professional judgment. Neither EYGM Limited nor any other member of the global EY organization can accept any responsibility for loss occasioned to any person acting or refraining from action as a result of any material in this
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