❚ As a result, Protestant churches were relatively bare, but art, especially prints, still played a role in Protestantism. Lucas Cranach, for example, effectively used visual imagery to contrast Catholic and Protestant views of salvation in his woodcut Allegory of Law and Grace. ❚ The greatest printmaker of the Holy Roman Empire was Albrecht Dürer, who was also a painter. Dürer was the first artist outside Italy to become an international celebrity. His work ranged from biblical subjects to botanical studies. Fall of Man reflects Dürer’s studies of the Vitruvian theory of human proportions and of classical statuary. Dürer’s engravings rival painting in tonal quality. ❚ Other German artists, such as Albrecht Altdorfer, achieved fame as landscape painters. Hans Holbein was a renowned portraitist who became court painter in England. Holbein’s The French Ambassadors portrays two worldly humanists and includes a masterfully rendered anamorphic skull.