Under the if-converted method:
1. If the company has convertible preferred stock, the preferred dividend applicable to the convertible preferred stock is not subtracted from net income in the EPS numerator. If the preferred stock had been converted, the preferred shares would not have been outstanding during the period and the preferred dividends would not have been paid. Hence there would have been no convertible preferred stockholder claim to net income.
2. If the company has convertible debt, the interest expense applicable to the convertible debt net of its tax effect is added to the numerator. If the convertible debt had been converted, the interest would not have been paid to the creditors. At the same time, there would be no associated tax benefit. As a result, net income, and hence income to common stockholders, would have been higher by the amount of the interest expense saved minus its tax benefit.
3. The number of shares that would have been issued upon conversion of the convertible security is added to the denominator.
Under the if-converted method:1. If the company has convertible preferred stock, the preferred dividend applicable to the convertible preferred stock is not subtracted from net income in the EPS numerator. If the preferred stock had been converted, the preferred shares would not have been outstanding during the period and the preferred dividends would not have been paid. Hence there would have been no convertible preferred stockholder claim to net income.2. If the company has convertible debt, the interest expense applicable to the convertible debt net of its tax effect is added to the numerator. If the convertible debt had been converted, the interest would not have been paid to the creditors. At the same time, there would be no associated tax benefit. As a result, net income, and hence income to common stockholders, would have been higher by the amount of the interest expense saved minus its tax benefit.3. The number of shares that would have been issued upon conversion of the convertible security is added to the denominator.
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